If one or more embryos are classified as chromosomally balanced, one is typically transferred into the uterus in a subsequent cycle, often as a frozen embryo while results were pending. From that point, the pregnancy is monitored in the usual way, and confirmatory prenatal testing is still recommended, for the reasons described above. If no balanced embryo is available from a given cycle, which can happen more often with certain rearrangements that produce a higher proportion of unbalanced eggs or sperm, couples may consider a further round of egg or sperm retrieval and testing, or discuss alternatives such as donor eggs or sperm, embryo donation, or continuing to try to conceive naturally with prenatal diagnosis in a future pregnancy. Genetic counseling before and after testing is intended to be non-directive, meaning the counselor lays out the medical facts and options without steering the family toward a particular choice, since the decision remains personal to each couple.

In India, this technology is permitted and specifically addressed under the Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act, 2021, which allows testing of embryos “to screen the human embryo for known, pre-existing, heritable, or genetic diseases only,” a provision that covers structural chromosome rearrangements with a documented risk of producing an unbalanced, clinically significant outcome. The law explicitly rules out use of embryo testing for selecting non-medical traits or for sex selection, in line with the long-standing Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994, except where sex-linked testing is medically necessary to avoid a serious X-linked disorder. Clinics offering this testing in India must be registered as genetic clinics under that same 1994 Act, and comprehensive genetic counseling, including a blood karyotype to confirm the exact rearrangement before treatment begins, is a mandatory and essential first step.